Cambridge 9609 · AS Papers 1 and 2 · 36 papers

9609 topical past papers — AS Business by topic

Every question on 36 Cambridge 9609 AS papers from 2024 to 2026 — 414 question parts — filed under the syllabus topic it tests. The biggest is Human resource management (HRM), with 52 parts on 27 of the 36 papers; next is The marketing mix. Topics run biggest first, so reading down the page is also a revision order.

This is an index, not a copy. Cambridge publishes the papers and mark schemes; this page tells you where each topic’s questions are — paper code, question number and marks — and every paper links to a page where you can sit it online and have it marked.

Covers Papers 1 and 2 — the AS Level, syllabus topics 1.1 to 5.5. Quanta holds one Paper 3 and one Paper 4, too few to rank the A Level topics, so they are not counted here.

Updated 1 October 2026

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Marketing

Business and its environment

Human resource management

Finance and accounting

Operations management

Human resource management (HRM) — 9609 past paper questions

52 question parts across 27 of the 36 papers, carrying 13.6% of all the marks counted (Human resource management). Revise it: Human resource management →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/11/M/J/26Q4 (5)
9609/12/M/J/26Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3), Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/13/M/J/26Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/21/M/J/26Q2(d) (12)
9609/22/M/J/26Q1(a)(i) (1), Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(d) (12), Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/11/O/N/25Q4 (5)
9609/12/O/N/25Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/13/O/N/25Q2(a) (2)
9609/21/O/N/25Q1(c) (8)
9609/23/O/N/25Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/12/M/J/25Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/21/M/J/25Q1(c) (8), Q2(b)(i) (3)
9609/22/M/J/25Q1(c) (8)
9609/12/F/M/25Q4 (5), Q6(a) (8, choice), Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/11/O/N/24Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/12/O/N/24Q4 (5)
9609/13/O/N/24Q1(a) (2), Q1(b) (3), Q6(a) (8, choice)
9609/21/O/N/24Q1(d) (12)
9609/22/O/N/24Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3), Q1(d) (12)
9609/23/O/N/24Q2(c) (8)
9609/11/M/J/24Q2(b) (3)
9609/12/M/J/24Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3), Q6(a) (8, choice), Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/13/M/J/24Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/22/M/J/24Q1(c) (8), Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/23/M/J/24Q1(a)(ii) (3), Q1(c) (8), Q1(d) (12)
9609/12/F/M/24Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/22/F/M/24Q1(c) (8), Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(b)(ii) (3)

The marketing mix — 9609 past paper questions

39 question parts across 27 of the 36 papers, carrying 11.7% of all the marks counted (Marketing). Revise it: The marketing mix →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/11/M/J/26Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/13/M/J/26Q5(a) (8, choice)
9609/21/M/J/26Q1(b)(i) (3)
9609/23/M/J/26Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/12/F/M/26Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/22/F/M/26Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(c) (8)
9609/11/O/N/25Q6(a) (8, choice), Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/12/O/N/25Q6(a) (8, choice), Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/13/O/N/25Q1(b) (3), Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/21/O/N/25Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/23/O/N/25Q2(d) (12)
9609/11/M/J/25Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/12/M/J/25Q4 (5)
9609/22/M/J/25Q1(d) (12)
9609/23/M/J/25Q2(c) (8)
9609/22/F/M/25Q1(d) (12)
9609/12/O/N/24Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/13/O/N/24Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/21/O/N/24Q1(b)(ii) (3), Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(c) (8)
9609/22/O/N/24Q1(a)(i) (1), Q2(a)(i) (1), Q2(c) (8)
9609/23/O/N/24Q2(d) (12)
9609/12/M/J/24Q4 (5)
9609/21/M/J/24Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/22/M/J/24Q1(d) (12)
9609/23/M/J/24Q2(d) (12)
9609/12/F/M/24Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/22/F/M/24Q2(c) (8)

The nature of operations — 9609 past paper questions

30 question parts across 20 of the 36 papers, carrying 8.8% of all the marks counted (Operations management). Revise it: Operations, production methods and productivity →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/11/M/J/26Q1(b) (3), Q5(a) (8, choice), Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/13/M/J/26Q4 (5)
9609/21/M/J/26Q1(c) (8)
9609/22/F/M/26Q1(a)(i) (1)
9609/11/O/N/25Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/22/O/N/25Q1(a)(i) (1), Q2(c) (8)
9609/23/O/N/25Q1(c) (8)
9609/11/M/J/25Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/21/M/J/25Q2(d) (12)
9609/22/M/J/25Q2(c) (8)
9609/23/M/J/25Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3), Q1(d) (12)
9609/12/F/M/25Q5(a) (8, choice), Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/12/O/N/24Q5(a) (8, choice), Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/21/O/N/24Q2(d) (12)
9609/23/O/N/24Q1(d) (12)
9609/12/M/J/24Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/13/M/J/24Q6(a) (8, choice)
9609/21/M/J/24Q2(c) (8)
9609/22/M/J/24Q1(a)(ii) (3)
9609/23/M/J/24Q2(a)(ii) (3)

The nature of marketing — 9609 past paper questions

30 question parts across 22 of the 36 papers, carrying 6.6% of all the marks counted (Marketing). Revise it: Markets, demand and segmentation →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/11/M/J/26Q6(a) (8, choice)
9609/12/M/J/26Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/13/M/J/26Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/21/M/J/26Q1(a)(i) (1), Q1(a)(ii) (3)
9609/22/M/J/26Q1(c) (8)
9609/23/M/J/26Q1(d) (12)
9609/22/F/M/26Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/13/O/N/25Q1(a) (2)
9609/21/O/N/25Q1(d) (12)
9609/11/M/J/25Q6(a) (8, choice), Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/13/M/J/25Q4 (5)
9609/21/M/J/25Q1(a)(ii) (3), Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/23/M/J/25Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/12/F/M/25Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/22/F/M/25Q2(b)(i) (3)
9609/12/O/N/24Q6(a) (8, choice)
9609/21/O/N/24Q1(b)(i) (3), Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/23/O/N/24Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/11/M/J/24Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/21/M/J/24Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/22/M/J/24Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/22/F/M/24Q1(a)(ii) (3)

Size of business — 9609 past paper questions

19 question parts across 16 of the 36 papers, carrying 6.2% of all the marks counted (Business and its environment). Revise it: Business size and growth →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/22/F/M/26Q2(d) (12)
9609/11/O/N/25Q5(a) (8, choice)
9609/13/O/N/25Q3(a) (2)
9609/21/O/N/25Q2(c) (8)
9609/23/O/N/25Q1(d) (12)
9609/21/M/J/25Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/23/M/J/25Q2(d) (12)
9609/12/F/M/25Q1(b) (3)
9609/22/F/M/25Q1(a)(i) (1)
9609/11/O/N/24Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/13/O/N/24Q5(a) (8, choice), Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/21/O/N/24Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/22/O/N/24Q2(d) (12)
9609/11/M/J/24Q5(a) (8, choice), Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/12/M/J/24Q1(a) (2), Q1(b) (3)
9609/22/M/J/24Q2(d) (12)

Costs — 9609 past paper questions

34 question parts across 21 of the 36 papers, carrying 5.9% of all the marks counted (Finance and accounting). Revise it: Break-even analysis →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/11/M/J/26Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/12/M/J/26Q5(a) (8, choice)
9609/13/M/J/26Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/21/M/J/26Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/23/M/J/26Q1(b)(i) (3), Q2(c) (8)
9609/12/O/N/25Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/13/O/N/25Q6(a) (8, choice)
9609/21/O/N/25Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3), Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/13/M/J/25Q5(a) (8, choice)
9609/22/M/J/25Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3)
9609/23/M/J/25Q2(b)(i) (3)
9609/12/F/M/25Q3(a) (2)
9609/22/F/M/25Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3)
9609/12/O/N/24Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/23/O/N/24Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/12/M/J/24Q5(a) (8, choice)
9609/13/M/J/24Q1(a) (2)
9609/21/M/J/24Q2(b)(i) (3)
9609/22/M/J/24Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/23/M/J/24Q2(a)(i) (1), Q2(b)(i) (3)
9609/22/F/M/24Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3)

Enterprise — 9609 past paper questions

26 question parts across 18 of the 36 papers, carrying 5.4% of all the marks counted (Business and its environment). Revise it: Enterprise, entrepreneurs and business plans →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/12/M/J/26Q1(a) (2)
9609/22/M/J/26Q1(b)(ii) (3), Q2(c) (8)
9609/12/F/M/26Q1(b) (3)
9609/22/F/M/26Q1(b)(ii) (3)
9609/11/O/N/25Q1(b) (3), Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/21/O/N/25Q1(a)(ii) (3)
9609/22/O/N/25Q1(a)(ii) (3)
9609/23/O/N/25Q1(a)(i) (1)
9609/11/M/J/25Q5(a) (8, choice), Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/22/M/J/25Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/12/F/M/25Q1(a) (2)
9609/11/O/N/24Q5(a) (8, choice)
9609/21/O/N/24Q1(a)(ii) (3), Q1(c) (8)
9609/23/O/N/24Q1(a)(i) (1), Q1(a)(ii) (3), Q1(c) (8)
9609/13/M/J/24Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/21/M/J/24Q1(c) (8)
9609/23/M/J/24Q1(a)(i) (1)
9609/12/F/M/24Q1(b) (3), Q6(a) (8, choice)

Sources of finance — 9609 past paper questions

18 question parts across 16 of the 36 papers, carrying 4.9% of all the marks counted (Finance and accounting). Revise it: Sources of finance and cash flow →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/13/M/J/26Q6(a) (8, choice)
9609/23/M/J/26Q1(c) (8)
9609/12/F/M/26Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/11/O/N/25Q2(b) (3)
9609/12/O/N/25Q5(a) (8, choice)
9609/13/O/N/25Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/12/M/J/25Q6(a) (8, choice)
9609/21/M/J/25Q2(c) (8)
9609/22/M/J/25Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/13/O/N/24Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/23/O/N/24Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3)
9609/11/M/J/24Q6(a) (8, choice)
9609/12/M/J/24Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/21/M/J/24Q1(d) (12)
9609/23/M/J/24Q2(c) (8)
9609/22/F/M/24Q2(a)(ii) (3)

Motivation — 9609 past paper questions

18 question parts across 14 of the 36 papers, carrying 4.7% of all the marks counted (Human resource management). Revise it: Motivation theories →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/12/M/J/26Q6(a) (8, choice)
9609/21/M/J/26Q1(d) (12)
9609/23/M/J/26Q1(b)(ii) (3)
9609/12/F/M/26Q4 (5)
9609/13/O/N/25Q2(b) (3)
9609/22/O/N/25Q1(d) (12)
9609/11/M/J/25Q1(a) (2), Q1(b) (3)
9609/13/M/J/25Q1(a) (2), Q1(b) (3)
9609/21/M/J/25Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/22/M/J/25Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/11/O/N/24Q6(a) (8, choice), Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/11/M/J/24Q2(a) (2)
9609/23/M/J/24Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/22/F/M/24Q1(d) (12)

Inventory management — 9609 past paper questions

20 question parts across 16 of the 36 papers, carrying 4.6% of all the marks counted (Operations management). Revise it: Inventory management →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/11/M/J/26Q1(a) (2)
9609/21/M/J/26Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/22/M/J/26Q2(a)(i) (1), Q2(d) (12)
9609/12/F/M/26Q3(a) (2)
9609/22/F/M/26Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/12/O/N/25Q4 (5)
9609/23/O/N/25Q2(c) (8)
9609/12/M/J/25Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/13/M/J/25Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/22/M/J/25Q1(a)(ii) (3)
9609/22/F/M/25Q2(d) (12)
9609/11/M/J/24Q1(b) (3)
9609/13/M/J/24Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/21/M/J/24Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3)
9609/22/M/J/24Q2(c) (8)
9609/22/F/M/24Q1(a)(i) (1)

Market research — 9609 past paper questions

19 question parts across 12 of the 36 papers, carrying 4.2% of all the marks counted (Marketing). Revise it: Market research →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/21/M/J/26Q1(b)(ii) (3), Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/13/O/N/25Q5(a) (8, choice)
9609/22/O/N/25Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3), Q1(c) (8)
9609/23/O/N/25Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/23/M/J/25Q1(c) (8)
9609/22/F/M/25Q2(a)(i) (1), Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/11/O/N/24Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/12/O/N/24Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/13/M/J/24Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/21/M/J/24Q2(d) (12)
9609/12/F/M/24Q5(a) (8, choice)
9609/22/F/M/24Q2(a)(i) (1)

Capacity utilisation and outsourcing — 9609 past paper questions

15 question parts across 13 of the 36 papers, carrying 3.9% of all the marks counted (Operations management). Revise it: Capacity utilisation and outsourcing →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/12/M/J/26Q4 (5)
9609/23/M/J/26Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/12/F/M/26Q3(b) (3)
9609/13/O/N/25Q4 (5)
9609/21/O/N/25Q2(d) (12)
9609/22/O/N/25Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/21/M/J/25Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3)
9609/11/O/N/24Q4 (5)
9609/13/O/N/24Q4 (5)
9609/22/O/N/24Q1(c) (8)
9609/11/M/J/24Q1(a) (2)
9609/13/M/J/24Q4 (5)
9609/12/F/M/24Q4 (5)

Business structure — 9609 past paper questions

24 question parts across 18 of the 36 papers, carrying 3.7% of all the marks counted (Business and its environment). Revise it: Business structure and types of ownership →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/21/M/J/26Q2(c) (8)
9609/22/M/J/26Q1(a)(ii) (3)
9609/23/M/J/26Q1(a)(i) (1), Q1(a)(ii) (3), Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/12/F/M/26Q1(a) (2), Q6(a) (8, choice)
9609/22/F/M/26Q1(a)(ii) (3), Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/11/O/N/25Q1(a) (2)
9609/12/O/N/25Q1(b) (3)
9609/21/O/N/25Q1(a)(i) (1)
9609/21/M/J/25Q1(a)(i) (1)
9609/22/M/J/25Q1(a)(i) (1)
9609/23/M/J/25Q1(a)(i) (1), Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/22/F/M/25Q1(a)(ii) (3), Q1(c) (8)
9609/21/O/N/24Q1(a)(i) (1)
9609/22/O/N/24Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/23/O/N/24Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/22/M/J/24Q1(a)(i) (1)
9609/12/F/M/24Q1(a) (2)
9609/22/F/M/24Q2(d) (12)

Budgets — 9609 past paper questions

20 question parts across 13 of the 36 papers, carrying 3.7% of all the marks counted (Finance and accounting). Revise it: Budgets and variances →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/12/M/J/26Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/21/M/J/26Q2(b)(i) (3)
9609/22/O/N/25Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/23/O/N/25Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3)
9609/12/M/J/25Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/13/M/J/25Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/12/F/M/25Q3(b) (3)
9609/11/O/N/24Q1(a) (2), Q1(b) (3)
9609/21/O/N/24Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/22/O/N/24Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/11/M/J/24Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/22/M/J/24Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3)
9609/23/M/J/24Q1(b)(i) (3), Q1(b)(ii) (3)

Stakeholders in a business — 9609 past paper questions

11 question parts across 8 of the 36 papers, carrying 3.3% of all the marks counted (Business and its environment). Revise it: Business objectives and stakeholders →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/13/M/J/26Q1(a) (2), Q1(b) (3)
9609/23/M/J/26Q2(d) (12)
9609/12/F/M/26Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/21/O/N/25Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/22/O/N/25Q2(a)(i) (1), Q2(d) (12)
9609/13/M/J/25Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/21/M/J/25Q1(d) (12)
9609/12/O/N/24Q1(a) (2), Q1(b) (3)

Business objectives — 9609 past paper questions

13 question parts across 11 of the 36 papers, carrying 2.7% of all the marks counted (Business and its environment). Revise it: Business objectives and stakeholders →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/11/M/J/26Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)
9609/12/M/J/26Q1(b) (3)
9609/12/O/N/25Q1(a) (2)
9609/13/O/N/25Q3(b) (3)
9609/12/M/J/25Q1(a) (2), Q1(b) (3)
9609/13/M/J/25Q6(a) (8, choice)
9609/22/M/J/25Q2(d) (12)
9609/22/F/M/25Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/11/M/J/24Q4 (5)
9609/21/M/J/24Q2(a)(i) (1)
9609/12/F/M/24Q6(b) (12, choice)

Business finance — 9609 past paper questions

14 question parts across 11 of the 36 papers, carrying 2.5% of all the marks counted (Finance and accounting). Revise it: Sources of finance and cash flow →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/13/M/J/26Q2(a) (2), Q2(b) (3)
9609/22/M/J/26Q2(b)(i) (3), Q2(b)(ii) (3)
9609/12/F/M/26Q5(a) (8, choice)
9609/11/O/N/25Q2(a) (2)
9609/12/O/N/25Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/23/O/N/25Q1(a)(ii) (3)
9609/11/M/J/25Q4 (5)
9609/23/M/J/25Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/22/O/N/24Q1(a)(ii) (3)
9609/21/M/J/24Q1(a)(ii) (3)
9609/12/F/M/24Q3(a) (2), Q3(b) (3)

Management — 9609 past paper questions

8 question parts across 7 of the 36 papers, carrying 2.4% of all the marks counted (Human resource management). Revise it: Leadership styles and theories →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/22/F/M/26Q1(d) (12)
9609/12/M/J/25Q5(a) (8, choice), Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/23/M/J/25Q1(a)(ii) (3)
9609/22/F/M/25Q2(c) (8)
9609/13/O/N/24Q6(b) (12, choice)
9609/13/M/J/24Q5(a) (8, choice)
9609/21/M/J/24Q1(a)(i) (1)

Forecasting and managing cash flows — 9609 past paper questions

4 question parts across 4 of the 36 papers, carrying 1.1% of all the marks counted (Finance and accounting). Revise it: Sources of finance and cash flow →

PaperQuestion (marks)
9609/22/F/M/26Q2(c) (8)
9609/23/O/N/25Q2(a)(ii) (3)
9609/13/M/J/25Q5(b) (12, choice)
9609/13/M/J/24Q1(b) (3)

How the questions were sorted

Each question part was read against its published mark scheme and filed under the one syllabus topic it mainly tests, using the topic list in Cambridge’s own syllabus. A part that also draws on a second topic is listed once, under the first. The marks shown are each part’s full tariff; “choice” marks an essay candidates may pick instead of another. The 9609 syllabus, topic by topic → The same topics ranked by share of the marks →

Practise Business against real mark schemes

Quanta has real Cambridge A Level Business 9609 past-paper questions, with the case study beside the answer boxes, every answer marked automatically against the published mark scheme objective by objective, and the reasoning shown — and it tracks which skills you’re missing. Free for individual students.

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Common questions

Where can I find 9609 topical past papers?

This page is a free topical index: every question on 36 9609 AS papers, sorted by syllabus topic, with the paper code and question number to find it. Each paper links to a Quanta page where you can answer it online and have it marked against the published scheme.

Are these Cambridge's official topics?

The topics are Cambridge’s — the numbered topics of the 9609 syllabus. Which question tests which topic is Quanta’s reading of each question and its mark scheme; Cambridge does not publish that.

Which 9609 topic has the most questions?

Human resource management (HRM): 52 question parts on 27 of 36 papers, 13.6% of the marks. The marketing mix is next.